Pearson is a common English surname that originated from the given name Peter, meaning “rock” or “stone.” It first appeared in the 12th century and became widespread in the 16th century. Notable bearers include Canadian Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson and Nobel laureate Karl Pearson. The name has also been used in popular culture, such as in the fictional character of Sherlock Holmes’ loyal friend and assistant, Dr. John H. Watson, whose middle name is revealed to be “Hamish” – a Scottish version of Pearson.